Lian Chen

Standardisation, decisively. Personalisation in current products means pacing through a fixed sequence. The sequence itself is set by what an autograder can mark, which narrows the curriculum toward the machine-checkable.

Our meta-analysis found recovery, not depletion, in most designs. Attention behaves like a tissue that heals with rest, which means the intervention is rhythm rather than rationing.

The nuclear analogy fails on excludability: weights copy at zero cost and leak through people, not shipments. But the cryptography analogy fails too, because the binding constraint here is compute, which is physical and countable.